Previously I had written about this for Windows Server 2008 and prior versions.  I just wanted to mention that this works on Windows Server 2012 via wmic as well.
So if your running Windows Server 2012 and want to export a list of updates use WMIs Command-line interface (WMIC) to generate the list.
Launch a command prompt and type:
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 wmic qfe get /format:csv >C:\updates.csv |
Also note that instead of a csv you can use these other format options:
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CSV |Â HFORM |Â HTABLE |Â LIST |Â MOF |Â RAWXML |
HFORM/HTABLE are HTML
LIST is Tab Delimited
RAWXML is XML